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在SQL中删除重复记录(多种方法)

作者55015182 来源未知 加入时间:2005-12-16 人气:159
学习sql有一段时间了,发现在我建了一个用来测试的表(没有建索引)中出现了许多的重复记录。后来总结了一些删除重复记录的方法,在Oracle中,可以通过唯一rowid实现删除重复记录;还可以建临时表来实现...这个只提到其中的几种简单实用的方法,希望可以和大家分享(以表employee为例)。


SQL> desc employee



Name                                      Null?    Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------



emp_id                                                NUMBER(10)
emp_name                                           VARCHAR2(20)



salary                                                  NUMBER(10,2)











可以通过下面的语句查询重复的记录:



SQL> select * from employee;







    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                  SALARY



---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         2 semon                                         20000



         2 semon                                         20000



         3 xyz                                           30000



         2 semon                                         20000








SQL> select distinct * from employee;



    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY



---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         2 semon                                         20000



         3 xyz                                             30000



SQL>  select * from employee group by emp_id,emp_name,salary having count (*)>1



    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY



---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         2 semon                                          20000




SQL> select * from employee e1



where rowid in (select max(rowid) from employe e2
where e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and



  e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);







    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY



---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         3 xyz                                             30000



         2 semon                                         20000











2. 删除的几种方法:







(1)通过建立临时表来实现



SQL>create table temp_emp as (select distinct * from employee)  



SQL> truncate table employee; (清空employee表的数据)



SQL> insert into employee select * from temp_emp;  (再将临时表里的内容插回来)







( 2)通过唯一rowid实现删除重复记录.在Oracle中,每一条记录都有一个rowid,rowid在整个数据库中是唯一的,rowid确定了每条记录是在Oracle中的哪一个数据文件、块、行上。在重复的记录中,可能所有列的内容都相同,但rowid不会相同,所以只要确定出重复记录中那些具有最大或最小rowid的就可以了,其余全部删除。



SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid not in (
        select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where



        e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);--这里用min(rowid)也可以。







SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid <(
        select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where
        e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and



                  e1.salary=e2.salary);







(3)也是通过rowid,但效率更高。



SQL>delete from employee where rowid not in (
        select max(t1.rowid) from employee t1 group by



         t1.emp_id,t1.emp_name,t1.salary);--这里用min(rowid)也可以。











    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY



---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         3 xyz                                             30000



         2 semon                                         20000







  














SQL> desc employee



Name                                      Null?    Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------



emp_id                                                NUMBER(10)
emp_name                                           VARCHAR2(20)



salary                                                  NUMBER(10,2)











可以通过下面的语句查询重复的记录:



SQL> select * from employee;







    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                  SALARY



---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         1 sunshine                                      10000



         2 semon            ??c??袍???B??祭????櫨?????馶?膉聋‐?1ā? 瘀+?????rii_[[A*??鸁??L


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